Bone Marrow Cancer In Nagpur
Treatments / Bone Marrow Cancer In Nagpur
What is Bone Marrow Cancer In Nagpur
Bone marrow cancer in nagpur cancers affecting the bone marrow can manifest varied symptoms depending on the specific type of cancer. Your oncologist can provide insights into your diagnosis, symptoms, and anticipated treatment plan.
The bone marrow, a sponge-like material housed within the bones, contains crucial stem cells capable of developing into red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), or platelets.
Bone marrow cancer occurs when cells within the marrow undergo abnormal or accelerated growth. Termed bone marrow cancer or blood cancer, this condition is distinct from bone cancer.
Symptoms of bone marrow cancer
Symptoms of bone marrow cancer vary depending on the specific type:
Multiple Myeloma:
- Weakness, fatigue (due to anemia)
- Increased susceptibility to infections (due to leukopenia)
- Easy bleeding, bruising (due to thrombocytopenia)
- Frequent urination and thirst
- Abdominal pain, loss of appetite
- Drowsiness, confusion (due to high calcium levels)
- Bone pain, weakened bones
- Kidney damage or failure
- Tingling, numbness (due to nerve damage)
Leukemia:
- Fever, chills
- Weakness, fatigue
- Increased susceptibility to infections
- Unexplained weight loss
- Swollen lymph nodes, liver, or spleen
- Easy bruising, bleeding, nosebleeds
- Petechiae (tiny red dots on skin)
- Excessive sweating, night sweats
- Bone pain
Lymphoma:
- Fever, chills
- Low energy
- Unexplained weight loss
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Swelling in neck, underarm, arm, leg, or groin
- Night sweats
- Nerve pain, numbness, tingling
- Feeling of fullness in the stomach
- Chest or lower back pain
- Rash, itching
Types of bone marrow cancer
There are three primary types of bone marrow cancer:
Multiple Myeloma:
- Originates in plasma cells, specialized white blood cells (WBCs) responsible for producing antibodies.
- Excessive production of plasma cells leads to tumor formation, resulting in bone loss and compromised immune function.
Leukemia:
- Involves the production of abnormal blood cells that fail to undergo proper cell death.
- Abnormal cells, including immature blasts, accumulate and hinder the function of white blood cells (WBCs), red blood cells (RBCs), and platelets.
- Acute leukemia progresses rapidly, characterized by immature blasts, while chronic leukemia involves more mature blood cells and may exhibit milder symptoms initially.
Types of leukemia include:
- Acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
- Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)
- Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
Lymphoma:
- Involves uncontrolled growth of lymphocytes, a type of immune cell, forming tumors that impede the immune system’s function.
- Divided into two main types:
- Hodgkin’s lymphoma (Hodgkin’s disease): Originates from specific B lymphocytes.
- Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: Begins in either B or T lymphocytes, with numerous subtypes.
Treatment for bone marrow cancer
Treatment for bone marrow cancer is tailored to each individual based on factors such as the specific type and stage of cancer, as well as overall health status.
The following treatment options are commonly utilized for bone marrow cancer:
Chemotherapy: This systemic treatment employs drugs to target and destroy cancer cells throughout the body, with the specific drug or combination chosen based on the type of cancer.
Radiation therapy: High-energy beams are directed at targeted areas to eliminate cancer cells, shrink tumors, and alleviate pain.
Biological therapy: Utilizes the body’s own immune system to combat cancer cells.
Targeted therapy drugs: These medications precisely target and attack specific types of cancer cells, minimizing damage to healthy cells.
Transplant: A bone marrow transplant involves replacing damaged marrow with healthy marrow from a donor. This procedure may necessitate high-dose chemotherapy and radiation therapy and is also referred to as a stem cell transplant.