Hematological Problems Pregnancy In Nagpur

Treatments / Hematological Problems Pregnancy In Nagpur

What is the Hematological Problems in Pregnancy In Nagpur

Hematological problems pregnancy in nagpur women with hematologic (blood) conditions, including inherited and acquired blood disorders, face unique challenges during pregnancy. Pregnancy increases the risk of clotting, while delivery can heighten the risk of hemorrhage in patients with coagulation disorders. Additionally, the increased iron and folate requirements during pregnancy can complicate anemia and other blood disorders.

Anemia is a fairly common condition among women, and it becomes even more prevalent during pregnancy due to physiological changes. Anemia is defined by low hemoglobin concentrations. There are several causes of anemia in pregnancy, with iron deficiency being the most common.

Bleeding Disorders

Bleeding complications in pregnant women can occur due to inherited or acquired coagulopathies. Acquired bleeding disorders during pregnancy often arise acutely during massive postpartum hemorrhage when uterotonics or sutures fail. In the 1–4 months following delivery, acquired hemophilia can develop secondary to an antibody against a coagulation factor.

Previously unrecognized bleeding disorders are more likely to become apparent in women during pregnancy or postpartum.

Venous Thromboembolism

Rapid recognition and treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) during pregnancy are crucial, as VTE is a leading cause of maternal mortality. The risk of thrombosis increases as pregnancy progresses and peaks during the puerperium. The pathogenesis of VTE in pregnancy is explained by Virchow’s triad: hypercoagulability, stasis, and endothelial damage. The hypercoagulable state is primarily due to an increase in coagulation factors and acquired resistance to activated protein C.

Hematologic Complications of Pregnancy

Pregnancy induces several physiological changes that directly or indirectly affect hematologic indices. Recognizing and treating hematologic disorders during pregnancy is challenging due to the limited evidence available to guide consultants. This review focuses on the diagnosis and management of benign hematologic disorders during pregnancy.

Anemia, primarily due to iron deficiency, is the most common hematologic complication and can be easily treated with oral iron supplements. However, it is crucial not to overlook other causes of anemia, such as sickle cell disease. Thrombocytopenia is another frequent concern requiring hematologist consultation. It is essential to differentiate gestational thrombocytopenia from immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets), or thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), as each condition requires different treatments.

In some cases, the management of both mother and infant necessitates the rapid identification of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT), a condition that can cause severe, life-threatening bleeding in the newborn. Additionally, pregnant women are disproportionately affected by inherited and acquired bleeding disorders, necessitating careful monitoring of coagulation parameters to prevent postpartum bleeding.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains a significant cause of mortality during pregnancy. This review explores the diagnosis, treatment options, and guidelines for the prevention of VTE during pregnancy.

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