Idiopathic Thropenic Purpura In Nagpur
Treatments / Idiopathic Thropenic Purpura In Nagpur
What is Idiopathic Thropenic Purpura In Nagpur
idiopathic thropenic purpura in nagpur immune thrombocytopenic purpura is a blood disorder marked by a reduction in platelet count, essential for blood clotting. Platelets prevent bleeding, and a drop in their numbers can lead to easy bruising, bleeding gums, and internal bleeding. This condition stems from the immune system’s attack on one’s own platelets, also known as autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura.
Thrombocytopenia signifies a diminished platelet count in the bloodstream, while purpura denotes the characteristic purple skin discoloration seen in bruises. ITP is a relatively common blood disorder affecting both children and adults.
Forms of ITP
Acute thrombocytopenic purpura primarily affects young children, typically between the ages of 2 and 6, often following a viral illness like chickenpox. Symptoms of acute ITP emerge suddenly and typically resolve within six months, often within weeks, without requiring treatment. Recurrence is uncommon, making it the most prevalent form of the disorder.
Chronic thrombocytopenic purpura, on the other hand, can manifest at any age and persists for at least six months, sometimes spanning several years or a lifetime. While adults are more commonly affected than children, adolescents can also develop this form, with females exhibiting a higher prevalence than males. Chronic ITP may recur frequently, necessitating ongoing monitoring and specialized care from a hematologist.
What are the symptoms of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura?
ITP results in a platelet count below 100,000 (normal range: 150,000 to 450,000), with severe bleeding risk when counts drop below 10,000. Symptoms include:
- Skin discoloration due to blood accumulation (bruises), often appearing without injury.
- Small red dots under the skin from minor bleeding.
- Nosebleeds and bleeding from the gums.
- Heavy menstrual bleeding.
- Blood in vomit, urine, or stool.
- Head bleeding, which is critical and life-threatening.
Symptoms vary, resembling other conditions, so consult a healthcare provider for accurate diagnosis.
How is idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura treated?
- Your age, overall health, and medical history.
- Severity of the disease.
- Your tolerance for specific medications or therapies.
- Expectations for disease progression.
- Personal preferences.
- Steroids: Reduce platelet destruction, with increased platelet counts observed within 2 to 3 weeks. Side effects may include irritability, stomach issues, weight gain, high blood pressure, and acne.
- Intravenous gamma globulin (IVGG): Contains antibodies that slow platelet destruction, with quicker effects than steroids (within 24 to 48 hours).
- Rh immune globulin: Temporarily halts spleen platelet destruction, effective if Rh positive and with a functioning spleen.
- Medication adjustments: If a medication triggers ITP, discontinuation or change may be necessary.
- Infection treatment: Addressing infections may boost platelet counts.
- Splenectomy: Removal of the spleen, especially in chronic ITP cases where the spleen is the primary site of platelet destruction.
- Platelet transfusion: Reserved for severe bleeding or surgery preparations.
- Rituximab, Romiplostim, and Eltrombopag: Medications targeting platelet production or antibody production, particularly for treatment-resistant cases.
- Lifestyle modifications: Including protective measures and activity adjustments.